{"id":9707,"date":"2024-05-11T11:43:51","date_gmt":"2024-05-11T15:43:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/?p=9707"},"modified":"2024-11-12T15:29:58","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T20:29:58","slug":"c01-retinoic-acid-signaling-regulates-outflow-tract-development-in-zebrafish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/c01-retinoic-acid-signaling-regulates-outflow-tract-development-in-zebrafish\/","title":{"rendered":"C01: Retinoic Acid Signaling Regulates Outflow Tract Development in Zebrafish"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Around one percent of all children born have a congenital heart defect.\u00a0 If a child is born with a more serious heart defect, their chances of dying early in life are increased. It is important to understand the causes of heart defects to ensure health and longevity of life. In zebrafish and other vertebrates, heart formation occurs in two phases. In zebrafish, prior to 24 hours post fertilization (hpf), the first heart field (FHF) forms the linear heart tube. After 24 hpf, the second heart field (SHF) adds cells to the poles of the heart to increase chamber size and form the outflow tract (OFT). Retinoic Acid (RA) is a known regulator of heart development. However, the role of endogenous RA signaling in SHF development is unknown. In this study, we used a chemical inhibitor of the Raldh enzymes to inhibit endogenous RA at specific time points after 24 hpf. Our results showed that when we inhibited endogenous RA after 24 hpf, gene expression was normal in the both chambers of the heart, but chamber morphology was abnormal. Furthermore, our results showed a specific reduction in the number of ventricular cardiomyocytes when RA was inhibited. This was due to a reduced number of cells added by the SHF to the arterial pole of the ventricle. Within the OFT, we found a decreased number of smooth muscle cells surrounding the bulbus arteriosus but an increase in the number of smooth muscle cells surrounding the ventral aorta.\u00a0 Furthermore, the posterior branch of the ventral aorta was significantly longer, while the anterior branch was shorter, in RA-inhibited embryos. Overall, these results show that endogenous RA promotes second heart field addition to the ventricle, and regulates ventral aorta patterning.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Author(s): Austin H. C. Griffin, Allison M. Small, Riley D. Johnson, Kiki T. Kollar, Anna M. Medina, Natalie B. Sobel, Ridha A. Nazir, Acasia M. McGuire, Jennifer A. Schumacher<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advisor: Jen Schumacher, Biology<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Around one percent of all children born have a congenital heart defect.\u00a0 If a child is born with a more serious heart defect, their chances of dying early in life are increased. It is important to understand the causes of heart defects to ensure health and longevity of life. In zebrafish and other vertebrates, heart […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":301,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1589,1,24,1607],"tags":[1030,1213,89],"class_list":["post-9707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2024-posters","category-projects","category-biology","category-c01-10","tag-applied-biology","tag-development","tag-stem"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pbRpLx-2wz","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/301"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9707\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9707"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/undergraduate-research-forum\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}