{"id":1266,"date":"2021-09-10T15:02:22","date_gmt":"2021-09-10T19:02:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/?p=1266"},"modified":"2021-09-30T10:17:28","modified_gmt":"2021-09-30T14:17:28","slug":"the-1991-project-september-4-10-mounting-problems-amid-new-ideas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/2021\/09\/10\/the-1991-project-september-4-10-mounting-problems-amid-new-ideas\/","title":{"rendered":"The 1991 Project: September 4-10. Mounting Problems Amid New Ideas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By: Natasha Netzorg<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"732\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/1-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/1-768x549.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">After the dust had settled from the August Coup, Soviet media outlets began to address the events, offer diagnoses on what had just happened, and plausible treatments for a multitude of problems. Opinions ranged, although almost most suggested strong medicine.&nbsp; Reporters placed a strong emphasis on the economy, particularly food shortages. One of the larger editorials in this vein came from the weekly paper, <em>Moscow News<\/em>, which strongly criticized the actors involved in the August events. The September 1 piece \u201cYesterday We Defended Ourselves, Today it\u2019s Time to Think\u201d broke down each of the actors involved in the putsch and took a hard stance on how to deal with them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The newspaper\u2019s board of directors place a great deal of blame on the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), which suspended all non-party papers during the three-day coup. <em>The Moscow News<\/em> and<em> Pravda<\/em> were unable to publish on grounds that they needed to be nationalized. &nbsp;The board in turn demands the suspension of the CPSU\u2019s printing facilities until their guilt can be determined. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev\u2019s policies are scrutinized with the authors claiming that his \u201cseedy politics\u201d and evasive actions allowed the Group of Eight to attempt the coup in a similar political manner. Gorbachev\u2019s policies emphasized the monopolization of the economy and the \u201cnational-state structure\u201d as well as \u201chypercentralism,\u201d which proved to be stepping stones to the events in August. With a louder demand for reformation, Gorbachev\u2019s acknowledgement of the \u201csocialist choice\u201d was an affirmation of the stifling of the people rather than an address of the need for reorganization to \u201csafeguard against the return of totalitarianism.\u201d The board of directors also make a heavy push for the signing of the Union Treaty as a means to slow, if not stop, the \u201cfree fall\u201d amid growing fears of the possibility of a military coup. Overall, they call for a real build-up of democracy and a common moral ground of the people to avoid another coup in the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The CPSU Central Committee building was subsequently sealed off, the hardline newspapers closed, and the Monument to Felix Dzerzhinsky (the head of the Cheka, the first Soviet secret police force) was demolished. These were small but substantial victories, bringing Soviet Russia closer to the democratic build-up <em>The Moscow News <\/em>called for. The article concluded: \u201cThe road to democracy is hard. This is only the beginning of the road.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1268\" width=\"520\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/2.jpg 710w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/2-208x300.jpg 208w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While many called for the CPSU\u2019s ban, others suggested different paths. Roy Medvedev, the well-known historian who had been expelled from the Communist Party in 1969 for his severe criticism of Stalin in his book <em>Let History Judge<\/em>, spoke out against the decision to suspend the CPSU at the Congress of People\u2019s Deputies of the USSR. In the September 4 edition of <em>Pravda<\/em>, Medvedev\u2019s article \u201cThe CPSU Cannot Become a Specter\u201d condemns the CPSU as \u201ccriminal and totalitarian\u201d but maintains that the suspension and possible elimination of the CPSU are arbitrary and illegal. Medvedev maintains that the \u201cCPSU cannot disappear from the political arena.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Soviet papers did not just dissect the political crisis. Many articles also highlighted the ongoing food shortages within the USSR. On September 10 a front page <em>Pravda<\/em> article asked, \u201cWill there be dinner tomorrow?\u201d Another <em>Pravda<\/em> article detailed the preparations for the coming winter, including how vehicles, labor, and if needed, military units were expected to be sent out for harvesting, cleaning, and transporting. A cartoon accompanying the article perfectly captures the mood: it features a headless man leading a line of others across a thin branch, humorously depicting officials and their inability to handle the situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/3-777x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1269\" width=\"492\" height=\"647\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/3-777x1024.jpg 777w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/3-227x300.jpg 227w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4-777x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1270\" width=\"509\" height=\"670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4-777x1024.jpg 777w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4-768x1013.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4-1165x1536.jpg 1165w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/4.jpg 1553w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The severity of the agricultural decline in the USSR is also emphasized throughout the satirical journal, <em>Krokodil<\/em>. Small features throughout the September issue emphasize the economic struggles, including one cartoon of a wolf unable to purchase \u201cwolf-berries\u201d for their son, stating it\u2019s too expensive. Another features the \u201ctsar of peas\u201d leaving the market, wondering how to run a state when he\u2019s only given a pound of peas a month.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With the socio-economic and political issues continuing in the wake of the August coup, protests also take place. The coup is in the past, Soviet people continue to live in the present, but the future remains as murky as ever.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5-710x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1271\" width=\"478\" height=\"689\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5-710x1024.jpg 710w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5-768x1108.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5-1064x1536.jpg 1064w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2021\/09\/5.jpg 1419w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 478px) 100vw, 478px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Natasha Netzorg is a junior majoring in Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Works Cited:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1991, September 1). Page 1. Moscow News Digital Archive. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/49797009\">https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/49797009<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1991, September 4). Page 2. Pravda. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/21571029\">https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/21571029<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1991, September 10). Page 1. Pravda. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/21572452\">https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/doc\/21572452<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A. S. P&#8217;IANOV. (1991). Krokodil #26. Izdatel\u2019stvo Pravda. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/book\/66971\">https:\/\/dlib.eastview.com\/browse\/book\/66971<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By: Natasha Netzorg After the dust had settled from the August Coup, Soviet media outlets began to address the events, offer diagnoses on what had just happened, and plausible treatments for a multitude of problems. Opinions ranged, although almost most &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/2021\/09\/10\/the-1991-project-september-4-10-mounting-problems-amid-new-ideas\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":1267,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_s2mail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-essays","category-the-1991-project","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/781"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1266"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1266\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}