{"id":1103,"date":"2020-05-14T11:45:47","date_gmt":"2020-05-14T15:45:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/?p=1103"},"modified":"2020-05-15T07:29:14","modified_gmt":"2020-05-15T11:29:14","slug":"russia-and-the-north-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-russias-relations-with-the-arctic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/2020\/05\/14\/russia-and-the-north-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-russias-relations-with-the-arctic\/","title":{"rendered":"Russia and the North: 5 Things You Need to Know about Russia\u2019s Relations with the Arctic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/alijevlugu.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/alijevlugu.jpg 900w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/alijevlugu-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/alijevlugu-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption>In this photo taken on Wednesday, April 3, 2019, a Russian solder stands guard as Pansyr-S1 air defense system on the Kotelny Island, part of the New Siberian Islands archipelago located between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea, Russia. Russia has made reaffirming its military presence in the Arctic the top priority amid an intensifying international rivalry over the region that is believed to hold up to one-quarter of the planet&#8217;s undiscovered oil and gas. (AP Photo\/Vladimir Isachenkov)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Note:&nbsp; Students in Dr. Hannah Chapman\u2019s Spring 2020\nHavighurst Colloquium, \u201cRussia and the World,\u201d completed final projects where\nthey assessed Russian relations with the West, East, North, and South.&nbsp; This is the third project, from students\nresponsible for studying Russia and the North.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By Quinn Riley, Seth Kraman, Hannah Seckman, and Zachary Strauss<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Russia\u2019s relationship with the Arctic is undoubtedly complex. Russia is not the only nation that lays claims on the Arctic as part of its sphere of influence. Indeed, Denmark, Norway, Canada, Iceland, Sweden, Finland, the U.S. and Russia are all recognized by UNCLOS as Arctic nations. However, Russia\u2019s foreign policy priorities in the Arctic are reflective of Russia\u2019s desire to achieve global and regional superpower status. In this article, we identify the five things you need to know about Russia\u2019s relations with the Arctic:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Russia seeks peace in the Arctic&#8230; through military presence <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Russia\u2019s Arctic Strategy in 2008 and again in 2013 reiterated their desire to maintain peace and cooperation in the Arctic. However, these official statements should not be understood without proper context. Russia laid a symbolic claim to the Arctic by placing a Russian flag at the North Pole in 2007. The lag was placed two and a half miles below the North Pole on a sea-bed that contains billions of dollars worth of natural gas and oil reserves. Additionally, Russia\u2019s military presence in the Arctic remains ro<a href=\"https:\/\/www.csis.org\/features\/ice-curtain-russias-arctic-military-presence\"><\/a>bust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/russiaarcticbuildup_012316e-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/russiaarcticbuildup_012316e-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/russiaarcticbuildup_012316e-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/russiaarcticbuildup_012316e-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption><br><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/KJXZWDALRNF5DPNCUCNI4QXRRU-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/KJXZWDALRNF5DPNCUCNI4QXRRU-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/KJXZWDALRNF5DPNCUCNI4QXRRU-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/KJXZWDALRNF5DPNCUCNI4QXRRU-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/files\/2020\/05\/KJXZWDALRNF5DPNCUCNI4QXRRU.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Russia needs the Arctic for natural gas<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Arctic contains vast amounts of\npetroleum, which fuels the world&#8217;s production amounting to a tenth of all oil\nand a fourth of all natural gas. The Russian Arctic alone contributes around\n80% of that oil and virtually all natural gas. Research suggests that a large\namount of undiscovered petroleum still remains in the Arctic. Considering the\ncontinued use and value of fossil fuels, securing the position as the world\u2019s\npetroleum provider for the future is vital to the success of the Russian\neconomy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Russia\u2019s domestic situation inhibits meaningful investment in the Arctic <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Russia\u2019s domestic situation impacts\nits ability to develop the necessary infrastructure to garner natural resources\nfrom the Arctic. While Russia is projected to run out of its own natural gas\nand oil reserves in the next 50 years, Russia also lacks the financial\nwherewithal to develop its oil and gas abilities. Russia sees the Arctic as an\nuncharted opportunity to get natural resources at the expense of competition\nfrom NATO allies and the far-East. However, Russia must be prepared to evaluate\nbudget priorities to make this a feasible goal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Continental shelves and maritime borders complicate Russian claims to sovereignty in the Arctic <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Borders within the arctic region are\nan item of dispute between countries that surround it.&nbsp; A policy passed by the UNCLOS allows extended\ncontinental shelves of up to 350 nm from their original baseline.&nbsp; Without concrete barriers in the region there\nis some amount of uncertainty in regards to who has control of what.&nbsp; This may be a problem for Russia because if\nthey feel their territory is being threatened, they may increase military\npresence and increase tensions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Russia wants more trade to traverse through their Arctic waters <\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Northern Sea Route is a trade\nroute developed by Russia that passes through the Bering Strait and traverses\nnorth of the Siberian coast to carry goods from Asia to Western Europe. The NSR\nprovides a 40% shorter sailing distance in comparison to using the Suez Canal\nfor trade between Asia and Western Europe, and climate change effects on the\nArctic ice cap allow for a lower cost for use of the route. Reducing the cost\nof entry for users of the NSR will increase demand and value of maintaining the\nroute. Trade dependent nations like China can make big savings through the NSR,\nproviding leverage for Sino-Russian relations. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Note:&nbsp; Students in Dr. Hannah Chapman\u2019s Spring 2020 Havighurst Colloquium, \u201cRussia and the World,\u201d completed final projects where they assessed Russian relations with the West, East, North, and South.&nbsp; This is the third project, from students responsible for studying Russia &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/2020\/05\/14\/russia-and-the-north-5-things-you-need-to-know-about-russias-relations-with-the-arctic\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":781,"featured_media":1104,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"_s2mail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-essays","category-russia-in-the-news","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/781"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1103\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.miamioh.edu\/havighurst\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}